How does supply chain design influence /or is influenced by lean operations?

This paper aims to investigate how a firm’s supply chain design is influenced by lean operations. Firms across the globe are experiencing increased pressure to optimize their return on investment from their supply chains. Recent events such as the Covid-19 pandemic and resulting in disruptions in supply chains across the world, highlighting risks inherent in interconnected supply chains of the modern era. In addition, global firms are adopting novel ways of maximizing their returns such as platform business models, integrating their supply chains both horizontally and vertically. Both firms and individual are increasingly pressured by rising costs of living, translating into the need for firms to reduce the cost of their goods and services. This has led to increased uncertainty in supply chain risks, these include higher than usual lead times for inventory, costs associated with movement of inventory and inventory acquisition costs. As firms across the globe experience this supply chain pressures, the competitive landscape requires. The proliferation of e-commerce has changed the world of retail, translating in greater. Block chain provides for increased visibility of up and downstream supply chains, providing firms with the visibility to navigate the uncertainty. Social media is also introducing new ways of connecting to supply chains, facilitating.